A Smart Waste Management with Self-Describing Objects - Yann Glouche & Paul Couderc

The article introduces a system leveraging Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to optimize waste sorting and recycling. This system associates digital information with waste items through RFID tags, enabling identification, tracking, and reporting without relying on external information systems. The proposed approach improves selective sorting by providing real-time feedback to users and detailed waste data to recycling chains.

The waste management architecture incorporates multiple elements, including individual smart bins, trash bags, and collective containers. RFID tags attached to waste items store details such as type and weight, which can be read by smart bins to ensure proper sorting. These bins can guide users by opening only the appropriate compartments, reducing errors in the sorting process. The system also supports data aggregation by creating "smart trash bags" that collect and transmit information about their contents.

This self-describing framework eliminates the need for sensors or external databases, as the data is embedded within the tags. Additionally, the concept is scalable, using either RFID or QR codes as cost-effective alternatives. QR codes are a less automated but more affordable solution, utilizing smartphones to track and record waste data.

The system's benefits extend beyond sorting to include enhanced recycling efficiency, improved resource management, and reduced environmental impact. It allows waste collection operators to plan optimally and identify anomalies, such as hazardous items in the wrong bins. By enabling precise tracking of waste contributions, the model also supports incentive programs to encourage proper sorting behavior.

In conclusion, this RFID-based waste management system’s autonomous design ensures high scalability and availability, making it a promising solution for modern recycling challenges.