Modelling the Distribution of the Red Macroalgae Asparagopsis to Support Sustainable Aquaculture Development

This study examines the potential of Asparagopsis, a red macroalgae, to mitigate methane emissions in agriculture by using species distribution models (SDMs) to identify optimal aquaculture sites around Ireland. Methane, a potent greenhouse gas from livestock digestion, accounts for a significant share of global agricultural emissions. Incorporating Asparagopsis into cattle feed has shown substantial reductions in methane production, making it a valuable addition to sustainable farming practices.

The research evaluated the current and potential distribution of two Asparagopsis species, using environmental data and SDMs that integrate machine learning and statistical methods. Results revealed that the western coastline of Ireland, particularly near Galway and the Kerry coast, offers highly suitable conditions for cultivating Asparagopsis armata, while conditions for Asparagopsis taxiformis were limited.

Temperature, nutrient availability, and biotic interactions such as attachment to other seaweed species were key environmental factors influencing habitat suitability. Importantly, the study noted evidence of a potential niche shift for A. armata in Ireland, indicating its adaptability to non-native conditions.

This research underscores the value of ecological modelling in addressing climate challenges by identifying sustainable aquaculture sites. With Asparagopsis cultivation, Ireland could align its agricultural practices with global carbon mitigation goals and support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of reducing hunger and poverty. By providing open-access modelling frameworks, the study also equips researchers and policymakers with tools to replicate and adapt this approach globally.

Read the full study HERE.